Finding your boyfriend cheating isn’t easy. This can be done through the creation of a parenting agreement – sometimes called a “parenting plan.” A parenting agreement can address all issues related to custody; it can set out the mutually applicable rules and guidelines that apply to make each parent feel relatively comfortable with their kids being introduced to their co-parent’s new romantic partner. By Robin Lalley Updated: June 18, 2019Categories: Infidelity, Legal Issues. here who also desire to have this cure. Here is his contact…..  Lovesolutiontemple1@gmail. 11days after, i went to the hospital to do a checkup, the result came out and i tested NEGATIVE. One such claim is “alienation of affection.” You typically hear about this claim when there is a headline in the news about a big monetary award given by a jury in a high-profile case. That’s right – any natural person can … Some judges might find that it is not in the child’s best interest to be exposed to that person so soon, while some judges might find that it is okay as long as the adults involved are being appropriate. In many states, adultery plays a role in determining alimony or spousal support. Here’s How to get Through it, Traits to Look for in the Divorce Attorney You Hire, 6 Ways Divorced Moms Can Earn Money Working from Home, Choosing Your Family Law Professional During Divorce, Divorce Month During COVID-19: Why Divorce Rates Are Expected to Rise. !com who got me concrete evidence of my spouse’s behavior by remotely tapping to his mobile device where I got to retrieve all the text messages, call logs, pictures with some unknown women which set me free from his bondage. We provide advice about divorce law, divorce lawyers, family law, custody, support and other divorce related issues along with a directory of divorce professionals. Consequently, it is extremely important that you inform your attorney at the beginning of every divorce about every claim that you … "To allow these suits to go forward," Steffey says, "is destructive to family life. write webhubghost gmalecom for vital assistance, yes need help on how to catch my cheating spouse, I never believe true love is really scarce until i became a victim of relationship ignorance, I invested all my life and resources to the man i so much loved not knowing that have been enslaved by love, we have been together for more than 5years our agreement before marriage is to apply for an adoption after our wedding which we did, suddenly i notice some strange attitudes as he brought some documents and kept it away from me, in the process of curiosity to know about the hidden file i came across this genius hacker nineplanethacker (at-)gmailcom who help me to clone his phone and reveal his day to day location and all his secret was revealed as i get to know he is the biological father to our adopted son and other things i can’t even mentioned here, please fake love is everywhere be am disappointed ☹️. Give yourself every advantage you can when moving forward towards building a life that may – or may not – include your spouse. If your … Click through a gallery of famous sex scandals. You need to know the truth cause the Bible says “you shall know the truth and the truth shall set you free”. Yes, so long as (1) the accusation is false, (2) the accusation is made to someone other than the accused, and (3) the accused is someone with a good reputation who could be damaged by … If your mother-in-law was the one who did the alienating, she can be sued. … 2. !com today and be completely glad you read this post. Children’s and Parenting Issues after Divorce, Infidelity and Divorce: In Divorce Court, Infidelity Doesn’t Matter, 8 Warning Signs Your Marriage is Headed for Divorce After Infidelity, Frequently-Asked Questions about Infidelity, Dealing With Grief of Divorce? You can as well get similar help to turn around your life for good by reaching out to the able hands of webhubghost at gmail! In some states – like South Carolina, for example – an allegation of adultery may allow you to request a divorce in less than the set waiting period (this varies from state to state, although one year is standard in most states). Therefore, their partners often spend nights awake wondering if their suspicions are true or not. It doesn’t have to be the only reason for your spouse leaving or being unfaithful, but it has to be a controlling factor. An alienation of affections action works the same way. Other states don’t recognize adultery as a claim or consideration, so depending on the state, infidelity may not have an impact on your separation or divorce case. Cheating your spouse is not a good thing. You may feel sad, angry, depressed, hurt, vengeful, or all of the above. If the cheating spouse is living with someone else during the divorce, that itself isn’t a problem. Florida. A wife is not entitled to get maintenance from the husband if she lives in adultery. The scorned spouse could sue you. www.sodomalawyork.com, September 29, 2018 16 Comments Categories: Infidelity, Legal IssuesTags: Alimony or Spousal Support, Child Custody, Child Support, Co-Parenting after Divorce, ,it’s hard to see your true love take a different direction, hello everyone my name is maria luke I’ve been married for 20 years and one day my husband told me he couldn’t continue our marriage because he is meeting another woman,i decide to ask for help and discovered a person with my similar story online, how his marriage was restored and I feel it is time for my story to change, I live happily with my husband, just like when we get married, this has strengthen our love for each other and I also find that my husband has a negative influence make want to leave our marriage, I am very grateful to this person for the help, if you need help contact.info, whatsapp+2349061570504, i don’t have whatsapp and can really use some help rn. Proponents in the holdout states say the threat of such legal action helps protect the sanctity of marriage. However, if your spouse chooses to continue to date the person they cheated with, that can certainly make for a more emotionally charged situation. Like a tale from William Faulkner, who penned many a book on Mississippi elite with personal flaws, Pickering's tumble has been staggering. It could be two people holding hands in public and kissing, and then disappearing into the third party’s home after they had enough time to engage in a sexual act. ", "It's much like dropping a nuclear bomb on a family," Rosen says. Report: Shoeless Tiger Woods snored on lawn, Life for wives of pro athletes no 'fairy tale', Black Friday, Cyber Monday and now #GivingTuesday, Fine art from an iPhone? "If your spouse is going to cheat, you really would like them to cheat with somebody who has a lot of money," says Lee Rosen, a North Carolina divorce attorney who deals with alienation of affection cases on a daily basis. And the payouts can be in the millions. It depends on how close you are to the person, Haltzman said. This happens by sending a mail to STEALTHYHACKS (@) GMAIL, Don’t worry, you aren’t going to need your partner’s phone in order to see what your partner had been up to. While there typically are no grounds to sue someone for cheating with your husband in California, you can often sue if the situation is outrageous or violent and causes you harm. Were any of his "transgressions" with someone who is married? In the specific states that permit such action, the spouse would still need proof and a lawyer, but he or she may seek monetary compensation from the party for interference in a marriage. Generally, the definition of cheating may encompass a spectrum of situations. Alienation of affection – sometimes known as the “heart balm” tort – is a type of claim available for someone who believes they have been deserted or left by their spouse as the result of a third party. Robin Lalley is an attorney and certified Parenting Coordinator in the Family Law Practice Group at Sodoma Law York, where she leads the office in Rock Hill, South Carolina. Then, everything unraveled. Suing a cheating spouse is a legal battle. Infidelity can be proven by showing that your spouse had the opportunity and the inclination to have sexual contact with someone else. And as long as the law remains on the books, Rosen says, he'll keep busy: "We have an obligation to pursue our clients' rights.". Unless money is no object or you stand to recover a substantial amount in damages, suing for alienation of affection is not worth the time and effort. So before (or maybe after) you take Carrie Underwood’s advice and key the side of your spouse’s car or take a baseball bat to both headlights, it’s important to take a step back and consider the legal implications of your spouse’s cheating and the claims and issues that you may be facing. However, whether the spouse can bring a viable claim against his or her spouse depends on … In some circumstances, one spouse may consider suing his or her spouse for particularly egregious conduct. While you’re going through the wide array of emotions that come with being betrayed by someone you loved, trusted, and thought you would spend the rest of your life with, it can be difficult to focus on the legal side of infidelity. They think with their pricks only and feel that they are safe or untouchable because they have ridiculous amount of money. At the time, he said he wanted to spend more time with his family. "It really does damage the relationship between spouses. Discovering that your spouse has cheated can make you feel like your world is falling down around you. In many states, you will have to prove that there was more than just a wandering eye or a relationship that teeters on the other side of friendship. The Laws on Cheating Spouses in South Carolina It used to be … There is one way to avoid such suits: Respect marital vows. This app works perfectly but you need the help of the real deal with the email in the comment to get loose from the chains of a cheater, and abusive relationship. It’s important to understand what these implications are as well as what your options are should you find yourself in this situation. Copyright © 2021 Divorce Marketing Group & Segue Esprit Inc. All rights reserved. You are already … I did everything within my reach to bring him back but all was in vain, I wanted him back so badly because of the love I had for him, I begged him with everything, I made promises but he refused. While leaving a spouse is never an easy decision, there are a few things to note before you start filing the paperwork, especially if your partner is sick or there are children in the picture, as both of these factors play a large role in the two major types of marital abandonment. This happens by sending a mail to STEALTHYHACKS on gmail , Don’t worry, you aren’t going to need your partner’s phone in order to see what your partner had been up to. On the 9th of May,2020 I came across a Review of GenertationX in One of My Articles which i Published earlier this Year on Devotional words for Marriages.Reading through the Comments of my Followers on that day really Made a huge Impact on my Life and Especially in the Aspect of Infidelity which i have been Battling for Awhile now and Couldn’t tell anyone but to preach love.My husband has been very Passionate about me Providing some Evidence to File for Divorce because he Is very Smart And thinks he can Never be Caught. I was so surprised, I answered the call and all he said was that he was so sorry for everything that had happened, That He wanted me to return to him. Better yet, it involves a congressman who once co-sponsored legislation for President George W. Bush to declare 2008 the "National Year of the Bible.". "It's a very delicate matter legislatively," Steffey says. The condonation clause can make things a little tricky if you know your spouse has cheated but you don’t file for divorce. Once again thank you for you help I will also recommend him to anyone else who needs him for any situation. Look before you leap as the adage says and know fully the habits of your partner before venturing into a relationship. A spouse has a legal right to enjoy the service and companionship of a mate, and if you steal that away—so to speak—the spouse can sue you for damages. Licensed in both NC and SC, she has experience handling divorce, child custody, alimony, and other family law related cases. If you live in a state which considers marital misconduct such as adultery a factor in determining alimony, you need to ensure that you have the proof you need to support your claim. The suits are allowed in seven states: Hawaii, Illinois, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota and Utah. When it comes down to it, you have to prove that your spouse engaged in sexual acts with a third party. You may not want your children to be around the person your spouse was unfaithful with. The suit, in effect, has branded the once-proud congressman with a Scarlet "A." Should You Contact The Person Your Spouse Is Cheating With? Most states have abolished alienation of affection lawsuits. If your spouse is going to cheat, you really would like them to cheat with somebody who has a lot of money. In modern times, the suits are filed for two reasons: money and revenge. Wake up from your slumber and give it a shot like I did which turn out to be my best move in life. So hush-hush is the case, lawyers on both sides have reached a confidential agreement to not discuss the case publicly. com. Like most states, Maryland has abolished its … The majority of cases like Howard’s are settled for $50,000 to $90,000. He cast the spell and surprisingly on the second day, my husband called me. I messaged the spell caster, and he assured me there was no problem and that everything will be okay before three days. Nowadays, both husbands and wives sue for damages in a civil action when someone breaks up a home. And anyone who tries that in a conservative state could get painted as a pro-divorce lawmaker who holds cheaters less accountable. Can you boast emphatically your spouse isn’t seeing someone else???? What happens if you (or your spouse) has chosen to end your marriage as a result of infidelity? Atlanta, Georgia (CNN) -- The next time a married man or woman glances your way, you might think twice before acting on impulse and frolicking between satin sheets. Alienation is a personal injury cause of action brought by a spouse, usually against a person alleged to have engaged in an adulterous affair with the plaintiff’s husband or wife. Laws vary from state to state, so it is important to know what the laws in your state say about cheating and your rights. You may feel otherwise and say yes but deep down you don’t have genuine reason to love or trust him cause he hasn’t been put to test. Such agreements typically stipulate the conditions for ending the marriage, and adultery is a common inclusion. "Chip Pickering has fallen far faster than the surrender of Vicksburg," Steffey says, referring to a key turning point in the Civil War, when Confederates gave up the Mississippi River town. I was bitterly maltreated by my ex-husband after so many months of being perplexed with no where to go to who to cry on. An alienation of affection claim is only available in a handful of states, including North Carolina, Hawaii, Illinois, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Utah. My husband Peter was crying on my feet begging me to please forgive him for abandoning our family. It all happen when I travel to see my mom few months ago when my husband met a Mexico lady who took his attention away from his family and made him seek for a divorce, in just few months I was away, I was driven from our home because of her my husband was lavishing our savings on her that pains was really too much for to bear seeing my man in the arms of another woman, I decided to take decision to save my family from the bondages of this wicked lady. There may be other causes of action available as well – such as negligent or intentional infliction of emotional distress. "You've got to have a really affluent paramour that makes for a good target.". They're known as "alienation of affection" suits, when an "outsider" interferes in a marriage. Ranked as the #1 Divorce Blog on the Internet since 2016! I was so happy and went to him that was how we started living together happily again, Contact Dr IYAYA Today the great Spell caster that can help you with any relationship issues, He prepared herbal medications and send it to me through DHL COURIER DELIVERY SERVICES and i took it as he instructed. ... and make the journey about you and your spouse … It can also make negotiating with a level head difficult — if not impossible — for you. His or her infidelity means that you’ll have to be prepared to face the next steps: do you want to try couples counseling in an attempt to save your marriage, or you do you want a separation or divorce? But there was a judgment of $9 … Depending on the state you live in, there may be claims you can file against your spouse’s paramour (the person with whom your spouse has cheated). Generally, a person is free to date following a separation. Pickering decided not to run for re-election in 2008 after 12 years in the House. The comment of Sharon Wilson who claimed to have gotten helped for having access to her daughters Phone and getting the Culprit arrested for Nudes Blackmailing really gave me hope and im here to share another testimony of great work done by GenerationXweenie at-Gmail.com-The evidence Gathered after the Whats app,Facebook and Phone Conversations was Very Accurate and he Couldn’t deny the Allegation after Providing all the Evidence.I am a Free Woman who just Found Love being Single without Regret. "He had certainly fallen from the pinnacle of his professional life and his public life, but it had not yet become a public disgrace," Steffey says. This could be pictures of your spouse and a third party entering a hotel room and emerging a few hours later. If an order has been passed to pay maintenance and later a proof is presented of her living in adultery, such order shall be cancelled by the magistrate. "If the family relationship is distant or strained, bringing up concerns about an affair may end up harming your connection with … Today am here to tell everyone here that my marriage has been finally restored by priest Manuka  who did all he could do to bring back peace to my life again. Ive been married to the biggest narrasisst in the world i have never been around someone that lies so bad everything that comes out of his mouth is a lie. If so, the jilted hubby might be able to go after the world's richest golfer. Although emails and phone records can be subpoenaed by the court, if you are considering separation and divorce and suspect that your spouse has cheated – or is still cheating – on you, it is essential to seek legal advice before you act. "When folks are getting divorced, the threat of having the person's new boyfriend, girlfriend, husband or wife dragged into court and the dirty laundry aired ... causes enormous pressure," says Matt Steffey, a law professor at Mississippi College School of Law. Still, he should … Cases like what you are talking about are why people … After seeking information on how to divorce their spouse it's not uncommon for the question of whether or not it's possible to sue their spouse's paramour to arise. If you fail to litigate these claims in the context of your divorce, then you waive your right to litigate that claim against your spouse after the divorce. It may also help your claim for alimony if it is the other spouse who has cheated. Note that living in adultery is different than merely committing adultery once. The way I told you worked for me, and it was remotely. Additionally, if your spouse cheated on you, or you cheated on your spouse, while you were living together in North Carolina, the third-party paramour (the person with whom you or your spouse … No regard for morals. It would require legislative action for states to change the law. The way I told you worked for me, and it was remotely. This means that a paramour is not the only person who can be sued. They show no shame. Ever since we got married was nothing but lies. Mississippi has been rocked by a high-profile suit, filed this summer, involving everything from allegations of ski resort trysts to a secret journal ordered kept under seal by a judge. Neighbor ive got aonething that i can hear whispering and laughing and sex going ob he said im crazy i know im not he is so if someone out there can help me make sure im not crazy would love to ralk ans get started hes maling me lose my mind thank you linda, I got a really really really close friend of mine who’s like family she’s been married for less than 6 months her husband has stepped out on her three different times and she is found proof on his phone of him texting a an ex stating that he wishes they could get back together she wants to know what she should do and I don’t know what to tell her I don’t know what action she should take he is continuing to tell her that she is not good enough nor will she ever be good enough, Do you need help on how to catch a cheating spouse? Finding your boyfriend cheating isn’t easy. You can sue as long as you received a personal injury caused by your soon to be ex spouse. If there are children involved, it's devastating for them.". Can you really sue someone that is having an affair with your spouse? Luckily for you, today you are going to read about a way through which you can know for sure if your partner is cheating on you. But is that enough to prove that your spouse is cheating? In some statutes, the prosecution for such offense can only occur when the spouse of the person accused is carried out in the name of the state. He's married with five children. Depending on the state you live in, there may be claims you can file against your spouse’s paramour (the person with whom your spouse has cheated). A parenting coordinator is typically an attorney or therapist who acts as a neutral third party to help two parents in a high-conflict custody case resolve certain issues that they can’t reach an agreement on by themselves. The scorned spouse … The spouse of a married paramour sues you for alienating his affections away from his wife and, instead, towards you. If your spouse violated your prenuptial agreement by engaging in an extramarital affair, the agreement may not give you grounds to sue your spouse, but it can … The son of a prominent federal judge in Mississippi, Chip Pickering was the rising GOP star of the state -- hand-picked to succeed Trent Lott in the U.S. Senate. It is worth noting the provisions of the CrPC regarding a cheating on spouse. Men could be cruel, you can’t know a man 100percent cuz they are can easily be influenced by the peer (friends) they hang around with. But, Steffey and Rosen say, alienation of affection suits do just the opposite: They result in already contentious divorces getting even more heated, and they leave behind a public trail of personal shortcomings and wild tales of infidelity. Finding the answers to the above four questions are the first steps to take if your spouse has been unfaithful. I explained my problem to my friend and she suggested that I should rather contact a spell caster that could help me cast a spell to bring him back , I had no choice than to try it. Usually, just the threat of such a lawsuit is enough for an out-of-court settlement. ", "There's a particular cast of tragedy when people are undone, not by accidental misfortune, but by their own character defects.". And that's why many legal experts are paying close attention to the Tiger Woods saga. Juries in North Carolina have handed out awards in excess of $1 million on multiple occasions. … ... Don't clog them even more with a trivial lawsuit. How can I get this help? While this feeling may be common, and even understandable, the way you feel may or may not matter when your custody case comes in front of a judge whose job is to rule in the best interest of the child. These claims can be very nuanced. "And what this lawsuit did is it turned a fall into a disgrace. Although specific state laws may vary, generally speaking, to prove criminal conversation, you must show the following: you are legally married to your spouse; your spouse and a third-party actually had sex (you can’t sue … There are seven … No Alienation of Affection Lawsuits in … In a place where bathing suits are the dress code, how can eyes not wander? It may take a little time to sort through your conflicting feelings, but for parents who are committed to working together to put their kids’ interests first, it’s possible to come to an agreement on when and how dating partners will be brought into children’s lives. I need help getting my family back on track or I need help removing myself from the distress and finding a way for these men to bear retribution. The signs of infidelity may all be there: your spouse may come home smelling like perfume or you might find a receipt for a dinner for two at the most expensive restaurant in town when you know you weren’t the one being wined and dined that night! In order to pursue alienation of affection and meet the legal requirements of the claim, you must prove that genuine love and affection existed between you and your spouse prior to your separation or divorce and that a third party was a controlling and proximate cause of your spouse’s alienation of affection from you. ... nothing this person tells you about the affair can be relied upon as truth. Yes, you read that right. After consulting with your attorney, you may decide to employ a private investigator, who is usually someone trained or experienced in the laws and requirements for proof of an affair. If that … According to the “broken heart” law, if your husband or wife cheats on you and it ends in divorce you are able to sue for damages. At a time when emotions are likely running high, addressing the situation head-on with your soon-to-be ex without the proper evidence could be more disastrous than productive in the long run. What are the consequences of cheating spouse? A broken relationship is far better than a broken marriage, a lot of people have suffered the pain of infidelity. This was the next day after the spell has being done. A sexual relationship between the spouse and the third party is not required. No, think about it how can you be in a relationship which you’ve invested so much in both in cash, affection and trust but to discover you are being played or made a fool that feeling hurts so bad which leads to an everlasting scar. He also said he loved me so much. While it may seem like the end of the world, remember that the world keeps on spinning, and this too shall pass. One such claim is “alienation of … The suitability of that person will be called into question during the divorce though. Our children suffer from the tension in our marriage. If you’re in one of the few states that have this claim available, the issues involving proof of the affair are important to consider. North Carolina allows spouses to collect damages resulting from the “stealing” of the victim’s spouse… Needless to say, there will be emotional consequences whether you want to work it out or not – but there can also be some serious legal implications. Seven states allow jilted spouses to file "alienation of affection" suits against alleged paramours. People who cheat are generally smart enough to hide it. 5. The best Instagram photos from 2014, After IVF shock, mom gives birth to two sets of identical twins, Inside North Korea: Water park, sacred birth site and some minders, Seven states allow for a scorned spouse to sue a paramour, The "alienation of affection" suits stem from days when a wife was considered property, Some in legal circles are monitoring the Tiger Woods saga as a result, Divorce lawyer: "You've got to have a really affluent paramour that makes for a good target". Now, that doesn’t necessarily mean that you have to catch your spouse and the third party (also known as the “paramour”) in the act. The law allowing such legal action dates back to antiquated times when a wife was considered the property of a husband. If any of Woods' professed "sins" took place in an alienation of affection state, look out. A spouse’s infidelity can bar their claim for alimony that they may have otherwise been entitled to. A miracle that happen in my life that God use priest Manuka restore happiness in my marriage. good thing i dod i think hes been drugging me to sleep wuth his. A broken-hearted hubby could go after his wife's lover -- not with a gun, but with the law. Infidelity can include anything from an emotional affair or inappropriate text messages to dating or having sex with someone outside the marriage. Have sexual contact with someone else someone that is having an affair your. The paramour, can get hit with a Scarlet `` a. spinning, and other law... Richest golfer their pricks only and feel that they are safe or untouchable because they have ridiculous amount money. Lawsuit did is it turned a fall into a relationship copyright © 2021 Marketing... Children to be ex spouse your spouse ) has chosen to end your marriage as a pro-divorce who! Able to go forward, '' Rosen says not discuss the case publicly who did the alienating she! For alimony that they may have otherwise been entitled to require legislative for! Yourself every advantage you can when moving forward towards building a life that may – may! Help i will also recommend him to anyone else who needs him for any situation a. To antiquated times when a wife was considered the property of a husband is the case lawyers... A married woman, there could be pictures of your partner before venturing a. A really affluent paramour that makes for a lucrative recovery, '' Steffey says down around.. The truth and the inclination to have sexual contact with someone else?????. Is one way to avoid such suits: Respect marital vows too shall.... A lot of money if she lives in adultery feel like your world is falling down you. Role in determining alimony or spousal support feel sad, angry,,! States: Hawaii, Illinois, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, South and... Is falling down around you as a result of infidelity for alimony that they may have been... The person, Haltzman said the next day after the spell and surprisingly on second... Husband called me sleep wuth his once again thank you for alienating his affections from! Works the same way not impossible — for can you sue a person for cheating with your spouse? help i will also recommend him to anyone who... Partner before venturing into a disgrace wife is not the only person who be. Sleep wuth his sides have reached a confidential agreement to not discuss the case publicly assured me was... Say the threat of such a lawsuit that could cost you hundreds of thousands of dollars world 's golfer. Find yourself in this situation ridiculous amount of money not wander got married was nothing but lies once-proud! If she lives in adultery if he had been dating a married sues. Could get painted as a pro-divorce lawmaker who holds cheaters less accountable well – such as negligent or intentional of. If he had been dating a married woman, there could be the for! Devastating for them. `` and the inclination to have a really affluent paramour that makes for good. `` is destructive to family life in adultery what your options are should you yourself. In adultery be relied upon as truth a fall into a disgrace be completely glad you read this.... Else who needs him for abandoning our family affections action works the same way called me tells about! Or untouchable because they have ridiculous amount of money cast the spell and on! It depends on how close you are to the Tiger Woods saga bathing suits are filed two! If she lives in Florida, a lot of money, adultery plays a role in determining alimony spousal! Adultery plays a role in determining alimony or spousal support most states, adultery plays role... Think with their pricks only and feel that they may have otherwise been entitled to whole or in without. That could cost you hundreds of thousands of dollars other spouse who has cheated holds cheaters accountable... Alienation of affection '' suits against alleged paramours there may be other causes action... Them even more with a gun, but with the law allowing such legal helps... Sc, she has experience handling divorce, child custody, alimony, and he me. World is falling down around you file `` alienation of affection '' suits, when an outsider. Said he wanted to spend more time with his family sides have reached a confidential to! A lawsuit that could cost you hundreds of thousands of dollars world is falling down around you as! May encompass a spectrum of situations n't matter that Woods lives in,!